The MATROSHKA facility was a European Space Agency funded international dosimetry programme coordinated by Guenther Reitz of the German Aerospace Center ( DLR ) delivering basic data for the calculation of the health risk of space crews . It housed an anthropomorphic upper-torso phantom similar to those used in radiation therapy treatment planning , composed of a natural human skeleton cast inside a human-tissue equivalent formulation . Extensive scientific exploitation of the MATROSHKA data was made possible through the funding by the European Community ' s 7th Framework Programme ( FP7 ) under Contract No . 218817 ( HAMLET ).
atmosphere on the Moon will mean that cosmic ray dose rates on the surface will be much higher than at sea level on the Earth . Estimates of the doses incurred in travelling to Mars depend a lot on the flight path and speed of the journey . Estimates of the dose rate in transit to Mars are typically approaching 2 mSv per day and estimates for the surface of Mars about 0.6 mSv per day . This results in about 1 Sv for a return trip , but
Radiation Protection Today Winter 2021
For comparison , UK dose limits under The Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 are :
· 20 mSv a year for any person aged 18 or over who is an employee
· 6 mSv a year for trainees aged between 16 and 18
· 1 mSv a year for any other person , e . g . members of the public
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